I actually did also implement a similar thing fetching data on demand from WebTorrent (and in turn helping to host the data yourself by being on the website): https://phiresky.github.io/tv-show-ratings/ That uses a protobufs split into a hashmap instead of SQLite though.
Datasette is one application for views of read-only SQLite dbs with out-of-band replication. https://github.com/simonw/datasette
There are a bunch of *-to-sqlite utilities in corresponding dogsheep project.
Arrow JS for 'paged' browser client access to DuckDB might be possible and faster but without full SQLite SQL compatibility and the SQLite test suite. https://arrow.apache.org/docs/js/
> Direct Parquet & CSV querying
In-browser notebooks like Pyodide and Jyve have local filesystem access with the new "Filesystem Access API", but downloading/copying all data to the browser for every run of a browser-hosted notebook may not be necessary. https://web.dev/file-system-access/