You don't get any more detailed information (e.g. device class, screen size/orientation) from analytics logs.
Also, if you're using one of the free hosting providers (GH Pages and the likes) you're not even going to get access logs.
Like a breakpoint for portrait mode would set the background of something to an image that's just a 1x1 pixel. So when that resource is accessed, you know the request came from a device in portrait.
I guess it depends on how different browsers decide to access resource urls in CSS files. If a browser just downloads everything first, and then processes the media queries, then it wouldn't work.
Most of the other metrics are noise and don't impact business decisions.
It depends how much data you want. Google Analytics can give you all sorts of juicy privacy-invading (but totally fine because its aggregated) data about your users which you won't get parsing the servers access log.