There is error correction built in to the chants. Really advanced stuff, but I expect nothing less from those who authored the vedas.
https://hinduism.stackexchange.com/questions/9517/procedures...
https://hinduism.stackexchange.com/questions/9517/procedures...
"Divisional protection" appears to simply be stating that the Vedas are divided into sections. This doesn't provide any form of error correction; it's simply a means of organization.
"Meter protection" states that the Vedas consist of metrical verse. This provides a limited level of protection against certain types of errors (like inserted or deleted words), but not against larger changes.
"Swara protection" and "Mudra protection" state that the chants are tonal, and that those tones are associated with particular gestures. I'm not sure what protection this is meant to provide.
"Patha protection" is a restatement of the same memorization technique described in the OP.