Can you give me an example? The only world power I can think of with high levels of poverty is the US, but I live here so I don’t have experience in other world power countries.
India and China are both super powers with large populations of extremely impoverished people.
The USSR could produce enough nuclear weapons to keep pace with the US, but they couldn't produce toothpaste for their people. When that sank in for Gorbachev, he decided that something was fundamentally broken with the USSR economy.