Looking at that statistic, the levels of the high group are generally ranging from 2-4 mg/L. The target level of water fluoridation is usually about 0.7-1 mg/L, which is about the level of the reference groups in that statistic.
As the saying goes, the dose makes the poison, and this is already extremely well-known for fluorine, and accounted for in the water treatment process and regulations.
I bet everyone down-voting my comment is doing it out of reflex and has never read anything about this.
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_fluoridation_in_the_Unit...
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4547570/?report.... (Public Health Rep. 2015 Jul-Aug)
Which goes on to say: For many years, nearly all of these fluoridated systems used fluoride concentrations ranging from 0.8 to 1.2 mg/L; fewer than 1% of these systems used a fluoride concentration at 0.7 mg/L (Unpublished data, Water Fluoridation Reporting System, CDC, 2010). When water systems that add fluoride implement the new PHS recommendation (0.7 mg/L), the fluoride concentration in these systems will be reduced by 0.1–0.5 mg/L, and fluoride intake from water will decline among most people served by these systems.
Actually, the Wikipedia article says the opposite (the citation it gives is a dead link, of course)--it suggests to parents that they should be careful with having children use fluoride toothpaste or water with > 2mg/L of water.
> There are plenty of places with more than 2mg/L in the US and Kentucky has places over 4mg/L [2].
If you read that study carefully as well, that's talking about the natural fluoride concentration of well water, not fluoridation within water treatment plants. (Another reason to generally prefer municipal treatment plants as a source for water: they are more likely to follow more stringent guidelines for water contaminants than individual wells).
Of course this ignores the fact that it is impossible to adjust the dosage for everyone since everyone has a different level of consumption of the water source that we have "spiked". We are essentially medicating people without telling them and it is quite arbitrary. Not to even mention, we are exposing people who boil their water before they drink to higher concentrations etc.
Science isn't settled on this. There is no consensus. What we are doing is blatantly wrong.
How did we collectively decide with such absolute certainty that the positive impact of adding it to prevent tooth decay outweighs the risks and damages? We didn't.
Also it's not like there is no alternative. Use toothpaste with Hydroxyapatite. It works.
Why not distribute this incredible miracle/poison in tablet form for free to these poor families you think this is aiming to protect or provide free dental care if you think dental care is of utmost importance?
We clearly think kidneys (dialysis) are special because a past president had a relative that suffered from a kidney condition.
None of this is being done out of good intentions. Most involved are either misinformed because they are taught science is settled and it is safe and great, or simply uninformed.
Keep it coming - I used to work in a water treatment plant so I love water chemistry questions. If you think reboiling it in Teflon a bunch of times isn’t a great idea I agree but I’ll note all those people who go out in the wilderness with nonstick pots and a bunch of Dasani water seem to do fine.
You amused me with the image of someone thinking "the more fluorine, the better."