Agreed, thanks for putting these number together.

JuiceFS was initial designed for big data workload in Cloud, and we have tens of paying customer use it in this use case.

For NAS use case, the latency would be slower when case missed, but the overall IOPS could be higher. In the case of overwhelmed HDD, the latency could also go up to hundreds of milliseconds. We have pay lots of effort to improve the caching (in kernel and on disk) and prefetching. The overall performance is comparable to HDD over NFS.