Self-replicating cells that can be programmed to perform specific tasks.
The first protocells will be bacteria with heavily modified DNA. Eventually, we’ll be able to build fully-artificial self-replicating protocells (more “artificial cell” than “small robot”). Being fully-artificial will help us integrate new tech that nature hasn’t quite discovered/made-full-use-of yet — like different battery techs, RF communication, transistors, etc.
Here’s a good paper exploring the topic: https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/5/2/1019/htm
Imagine a blob that could wash along the floor, clearing 100% of detritus and intelligently depositing it — or perhaps even recycling it.
Imagine being able to repair a worn hip joint by injecting then commanding these protocells — no surgery required.
Imagine them self-assembling into structures to transport, deposit and combine material like an advanced 3D printer, building objects to incredible detail, or massive structures quickly, or both: massive structures with incredible detail.
Imagine programming them to kill all COVID-19 virions!