Commercial applications could use and afford the higher speed 10Gbit over 'fiber' and other expensive interconnects. While the consumer side really did not demand >1Gbit speeds until very recently but even now the demand is still very low.

10Gbit network adapters consumer a lot more power and are a lot more expensive than 1Gbit chipsets. Consumers's primary demands are things like better battery life, price, and smaller form factors so it makes sense to go with 1Gbit. Additionally, a lot of the most popular computers today don't even include a real Ethernet port; it's a folding mechanism which saves space but would make a 10Gbit spec Ethernet port (shielding, etc.) even more of a challenge.

Modern chipsets are starting to include 2.5/5Gbit chipsets which benefit from higher speeds but are still much cheaper than 10Gbit. I think a lot of players in this space were expecting and waiting for 10Gbit to become much cheaper and efficient but that did not happen.

Many Ultrabooks drop the Ethernet port altogether forcing the use of USB-C adapters. USB-C/thunderbolt has a theoretical bandwidth of 20/40Gbit/s which means you, in theory, could buy a 10Gbit ethernet to thunderbolt adapter.

I'm sure there's a lot more on the technical side that has kept the price/energy of 10Gbit high but I don't know the details.