Despite that I still tend to ssh to machines and use a local editor, because I typically don't want to just edit files, I also want to run some commands in-between editing files.
I use it for work sometimes, that + vterm and ssh makes for a fairly pleasant remote editing experience in emacs. LSP even works over tramp (kinda)
https://aws.amazon.com/cloud9/
It was more than half decent last time I used it.
It’s vscode in your web browser. Run it locally in your dev environment and setup your web server to proxy vscode.your domain.tld to it and boom, you have vscode running in your dev environment that anyone with a link can access.
The fastest way to set it up with tls+auth is probably something like https://hub.docker.com/r/linuxserver/code-server + caddy configured with basicauth.
I haven't used the remote SSH feature, but I have been playing around with GitHub Codespaces through VSCode. Once you have the extension, you can select a repository and it will spin up a virtual workspace for you on their servers. It actually works surprisingly well- tasks like installing node packages is faster than on my local computer and it automatically handles things like setting up a proxy for local web environments.