> My counter-argument to that is there is also lock-in with internal systems. The most common version of this is the keeper of the spreadsheet.
The author then disparages spreadsheets as becoming the exclusive domain of one employee who wouldn't want processes to change.
In reality and my experience, though, spreadsheets are one of the most versatile and accessible systems, and their close cousins (Airtable, Notion) great as well! You can customize it to your own processes and they're pretty universally understood, so the barrier to change is pretty low.