First, I want to clarify that I'm not advocating Rust for all use cases. It just happens so that Rust is pretty well matched for the kind of things I generally need.
Now, Haskell or (modern) Java or C# are good languages, too, and they're by far not the only ones.
If you wish examples of the kind of features I need:
1. I pretty systematically need to juggle with many threads;
2. I very often need to juggle with many processes, with non-trivial interactions (i.e. actual protocols);
3. I very often need to access the OS;
4. I pretty systematically need to juggle with sophisticated data structures and algorithms (think graph matching algorithms, or dynamic trees of dependencies between ongoing tasks);
5. I regularly need to handle distributed applications in which pieces interact through non-trivial protocols;
6. I pretty systematically need to ensure that the event loop remains responsive.
7. Whenever I interact with the rest of the world (either the OS or as a web client or server), I want to be sure of which piece of data is sanitized and which isn't.
Of course, every single of these task can be achieved in any language. It just happens so that:
1. Rust has the best support for threads that I know in an industrial language.
2. and 5. Rust's type system is the best I know to express protocols among industrial languages. I hear that Ada's type system is just as good, but I don't know Ada, so I cannot compare. I hear that Haskell's type system is currently being extended with linear types, so I'll need to test-drive that, too.
3. While there are other languages that are at similar level as Rust for such things, I don't know anyone that is strictly better.
4. and 7. Any language with a strong, static type system is good here, including Rust and all your examples.
6. Great support for coroutines is really useful. Many languages have it these days, including Rust.
Once again, to clarify, I'm not trying to convince everyone to switch to Rust. I'm just answering the assertion that the only reason to use Rust is performance. That's certainly not the case for me.