My understanding is that MOND is essentially dead at this point and that there aren't any other promising alternative theories left on the table.

I enjoyed a podcast on the topic by the highly respected physicist Sean Carroll (along with his guest, MIT physicist Lina Necib). It was very interesting and insightful. They cover in-depth why we are so confident that dark matter is a thing that exists.

Here's a link to it: https://www.preposterousuniverse.com/podcast/2020/05/11/96-l...