1: I'm not actually a moderator of any significant subreddits, so I am mostly going by what I see and hear, rather than personal experience. I used to be a really avid reader of /r/subredditdrama too, so I probably have bias towards the worst of it...
???
>mod harassment
It doesn't have to contain who did it
>doxxing
Then make it so you can't see what was deleted if the deletion reason is "doxing". Also make it a bannable offense for mods to misuse that reason. Also make it so that if there's a pattern of it happening in the subreddit, the whole moderation team will be replaced (to prevent mods from using sockpuppet accounts to do their dirty work).
I think it helps that moderation transparency was one of the "founding goals" of that community. The dynamics there are also quite different from the dynamics on Reddit.
As another example, I moderate a small semi-public Discord server and we publish both the audit log (which Discord automatically creates) as well as the contents of our moderator-only chat room 24 hours after conversations take place. This extra bit of transparency makes users more comfortable with what's going on while giving moderators enough of their own space to make decisions unencumbered by involvement from community members.
Almost any set of policies and procedures can be gamed by a motivated set of participants, and the more information that is exposed by a moderation process, the easier it becomes to game the process, and the harder/more expensive it becomes to support a moderated environment, whether by volunteers or paid staff.
Public activity logs, detailed policies, and detailed procedures would be an amazing expression of transparency that would then immediately become a complicated house of cards requiring constant maintenance, defense, and review. For volunteers that is either a huge time-suck or a high threshold. For paid staff, the same, plus expensive, plus a target for law-suits.
Also a good point. For instance, even if mod logs obscure the content of deleted posts, a determined abuser can simply create new users whose names alone convey messages that are inappropriate for the community. (A concrete example: in a community surrounding a person named John Smith, a user named "JohnSmithIsARapist".)