One thing i think about is what where would NLP and linguistics research gone if another language (other than english) was the predominant language. Granted there is quite of bit interesting fundamental research in other countries and languages. But it seems many of problems and approaches developed in language understanding and NLP target specific idiosyncracies of the English language. If NLP researched with say German (which has a deep and overly explicit vocabulary) or Hindi or Mandarian, would the fundamental NLP approaches and problem areas be different and potentially better?