Durational-residence requirements still exists. E.g., paying in state vs. out of state tuition at a state university, which commonly requires a year of residency. [0, 1] State-provided healthcare could be provided in a similar fashion through state-administrated health insurance that has different rates for in state and out of state. There could be a durational-residence requirements for in state pricing.

[0] https://repository.law.umich.edu/mlr/vol104/iss3/5/ [1] https://www.law.cornell.edu/constitution-conan/amendment-14/...