Not stopping after the first right answer is one metacognitive strategy[1] among many. Metacognition is an area of active research.

I first heard of metacognition as a distinct discipline in connection with the treatment of insecure attachment.[2]

Metarationality[3] is an aspect or extension of metacognition.

[1] https://helpfulprofessor.com/metacognitive-strategies/

[2] https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/the-resilient-brain/...

[3] https://meaningness.com/eggplant/introduction