I’ve informally been following testing and it seems like every paper published against hydroxychloroquine is either not peer reviewed, the data is suspect and unavailable, or are promoted by groups with financial interest in another solution.
Assuming that hydroxychloroquine in fact has no benefit, there also seems to be limited evidence that it causes complications and has been widely used without issue until this pandemic. If me or my family were hospitalized with COVID, I would push hard for immediate hydroxychloroquine treatment along with whatever schedule was prescribed assuming no known contraindications.
If tomorrow a new treatment emerged and had consistently repeatable results described in peer reviewed journals, I’d gladly change my strategy. Screw media and political fear mongering. Show me repeatable statistics.
If we assume that the majority of "non HCQ" patients were of group (e), young people, then their rate of mortality in this paper would be at least an order of magnitude higher than that of any previous paper, therefor I would expect group (d), old people with complications, to be more likely to have higher representation in their "non HCQ" group.
I didn't conduct this study so I don't have access to the raw data not provided in the paper.