Yes, TikZ can position the vertices itself. E.g. http://www.tcs.uni-luebeck.de/downloads/papers/2011/2011-con... http://www.tcs.uni-luebeck.de/downloads/mitarbeiter/tantau/2... https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/203692/how-to-automa...
And thankfully LuaLaTex was ready enough at that time, I can't imagine how bad it would've been to do this in pure Tex ...
Really cool project though, one of the few that made it outside of uni.