Maybe it's not reliable enough?
In any case, I can see why PyPI wouldn't want to increase the scope of their work. Sometimes is super valuable to just be good at one thing (distribute what others give you).
Wheels can be generated out of thin air, there is no requirement that setuptools or any tool is ever involved, if you wanted you could zip up a particular directory structure and it is a wheel.
As for setuptools:
There's a class that setuptools relies on to do the actual building of the Python project, called distutils.dist.Distribution which has a function named is_pure():
https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/e42b705188271da108de4...
Which makes sure that it doesn't have any known external modules or c libraries.
So to do detection of whether an sdist is a pure python, you'd have to execute setuptools and setup.py because of course setup.py isn't just configuration, it's full on Python.
So just looking at an sdist statically you can not know if the sdist is a pure python project or not.