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You know who else breaks norms? Alex Jones when he peddles lies and threatens lives for profit. He needs to play by society’s rules if he wants to play by society’s rules. You can’t just pick and choose which norms you’re entitled to. That’s called being an asshole and 10 times out of 10 you will be shown the door. There’s a reason no one cried over him getting the boot. It isn’t an indication of some chilling dystopia. It’s society operating as it should.

Nobody wants to be in the position of defending Alex Jones. He's totally indefensible. But that is always how these things start. Once you start regulating content on the basis of factual accuracy, you put these companies in the position of making decisions about political truth, and that is an extremely dangerous thing.

These are really hard ethical questions, and I think both views are reasonable and understandable. But ultimately I think it's more dangerous to put Google in charge of regulating truth. It feels like a win in the short term to ban Alex Jones, and it is a win in the short term. But the long term consequences of things like this are really really important, and the fact that they're obscured by distance doesn't make them any less so.

This is not how it starts, it’s how it ends. Thousands, maybe millions, of accounts were banned by YouTube in the decade and a half preceding with this for harassing people, selling scams and spreading lies. It’s like the bare minimum a network can do to keep things civil.

The simple fact is that for almost no investment Alex Jones could have his own site serving just as many users per month. My guess is he probably does, and did, so the only thing he’s really missing out on is YouTube‘s free hosting, discovery and traffic and their generous ad revenue split.

> But that is always how these things start.

There is no automatism. In many countries hate speech is forbidden, without them devolving into a dictatorship.

I think that's pretty arguable. Hate speech laws in the UK have been used in pretty questionable ways:

https://www.spectator.co.uk/article/stephen-birrell-s-convic...

https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-leeds-19883828

https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2015/sep/03/satanic-isla...

This is just a small selection. Obviously the UK has not "devolved into a dictatorship", but it is clearly censoring non-violent political speech.

Birrell and Ahmed's convictions seems to go too far, they didn't actual incite violence or criminal activity and I think that's an important line. Is 'I hope they die' reasonably interpretable as incitement to kill? I'd say no, but is it hate speech? I'd have to say yes so from a legalistic point of view the prosecutions may have been legitimate. The concept of hate speech is a slippery slope though.

On the Satanic Islam case, the guy was acquitted on all charges so I don't think that supports your argument.

Anyway thank you for your last comment. I agree some of these cases went too far, but that doesn't mean we're some kind of oppressive police state. Neither of the two people convicted in these cases deserve any sympathy, in a broader moral sense they deserved everything they got, but at the cost of an erosion of our civil liberty protections at the margins that I hope we don't come to regret.

Ya I don't want to make it out to be more than it is. It's certainly not an oppressive police state. But is it chilling speech a bit at the margin? I'm not sure that the answer is yes, but i'm also not sure that the answer is no, and that is concerning to me.

Count Dankula was a big case as well: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Meechan#Arrest

He was arrested and convicted for literally saying "gas the jews". That is inciting violence, and a very clear case of hate speech.

"My GF thinks this pug is the cutest thing ever, so I'm going to make it the least cute thing in history - a Nazi"

And then trained it to react to things like "Gas the Jews" and "Sieg Heil". This is not at all a central example of speech inciting violence.

Funnily enough, Nazi Germany also tried to prosecute someone for training a dog to salute when Hitler was mentioned [0] - apparently that was disrespectful.

0: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jackie_(dog)

How was he inciting violence? He trained a pug to do a nazi salute as a way to make it less likeable to his girlfriend(or at least, that is the set-up to the video). A prerequisite for the joke is that "gas the Jews" is an abominable thing to say, and that the Nazi salute is as far away from "cute pug" as you can come.

Hate speech involves intent. Here he used "gas the jews" as a means to project intent on a pug to make a cute pug Nazi. The joke is that a cute pug is a Nazi, and the joke would not work if that wasn't considered that a bad thing. The point of the video is "Nazi = bad".

Jesus, what a brain dead ruling.

It was clearly a joke. Are we also going to ban stand-up comedians for making Holocaust jokes?

He was arrested and convicted for making a pug react when he said "Gas the Jews" to make the puppy appear less cute.

I don't think there was any intent for a Pug to start a new holocaust.

That's not incitement to violence unless he actually has the means to do it. If you tell a joke in bad taste, it's not incitement.

> "Hope they [ie, Celtic supporters] all die. Simple. Catholic scumbags ha ha."

This is non-violent political speech?

Robert Watts said this about the draft during the Vietnam war:

> They always holler at us to get an education. And now I have already received my draft classification as 1—A and I have got to report for my physical this Monday coming. I am not going. If they ever make me carry a rifle the first man I want to get in my sights is L.B.J.

L.B.J. meaning president Lyndon B. Johnson. Watts did this in front of a crowd while miming aiming with a rifle. The crowd applauded him.

SCOTUS ruled it legal under the first amendment.[1] I agree with their decision and I wish more countries had such stringent protections for freedom of expression.

1. https://www.law.cornell.edu/supremecourt/text/394/705

> Nobody wants to be in the position of defending Alex Jones.

"The trouble with fighting for human freedom is that one spends most of one's time defending scoundrels. For it is against scoundrels that oppressive laws are first aimed, and oppression must be stopped at the beginning if it is to be stopped at all." - H.L. Mencken

I agree that's how these things start. Now doctors in the field and epidemiologists are being censored on YouTube for having unorthodox views on COVID-19.

I don't think you understand the point I'm trying to make. I don't care about Alex Jones. I care about collateral damage: Deleting "communist bandits" comments.[1] Banning the Podcast Addict app.[2] Banning other apps.[3][4] I didn't have to look very hard to find these examples. There are certainly dozens more if one cares to delve into the issue.

There are people who we don't know about who are currently having their views suppressed. A few of them probably hold views that future societies will endorse. But because they don't have a voice, it will take longer to make moral progress. Compared to that, Alex Jones is a rounding error.

1. https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=23223219

2. https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=23219427

3. https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=23221447

4. https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=23229073

> Alex Jones is a rounding error

I will not support any legislation that needlessly endangers individuals. Society needs to protect people. You don’t need everyone to go through a tragedy before a society is illegitimate, just anyone.

I can’t speak for the latter three threads, but I was active in the first one, arguing the same position.

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=23223990

You are so wrong and you dont see it.

You just identified society as corporation and corporation is dictatorship.

He didn't got booted by society and collective ostracism but by a business decision. That's a corporation making decision for the peoole which information the society should be exposed to.

If the society is not resistant to stupid ideas and need to rely on corporations and politicians to police information, that's a malfunctioning society.

Also, ToS are not society rules.

Whose lives did Alex Jones threaten?

> Whose lives did Alex Jones threaten?

Is this a genuine question? This is HN, so it should be. However, I’m not sure how you can be this far down into this chain and not know about Sandy Hook, since it is the very incident that pushed him over the line.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandy_Hook_Elementary_School_s...

At the risk of sounding like a troll, I don't see anything in that link about Alex Jones threatening lives.

I think they are saying Alex Jones is responsible because his followers ended up stalking and harassing the victims parents. One could argue he never directly said to do that so it isn't his responsibility, but he also has a big platform.

So do you now expect content creators to be in direct responsibility for any stupid action that any of their self-identified fans do? That's just crazy, how do you even consider this a defensible view?

Sorry, are you trying to convince me of something? I just translated what I think is a fair view of a different comment...

When you tell your fans to do it, yes. There’s a lawsuit about it. Look it up before grandstanding on false premises.

Can you post a quote in which Alex Jones told his followers to threaten the lives of these people? Looks like the lawsuit was only about defamation, not Alex Jones directing people who listen to him to make death threats.

I’m not trying to make some gotcha argument that you can cause your followers to make death threats and therefore you had no part. I’m making the case that Alex Jones is an idiot who says things about water turning the frogs gay, and under no reasonable interpretation of his actions or beliefs can I see that he intended to cause death threats to occur.

By this logic Bernie Sanders endangered lives because one of his supporters shot Steve Scalise. To my knowledge Jones just said something like Sandy Hook was fake, which is clearly a bad thing to say, but it doesn't threaten people.

Alex hammered his Sandy Hook conspiracy theory to the point of being sued for defamation, and losing (https://duckduckgo.com/?t=ffab&q=alex+jones+sandy+hook+lawsu...). Families were forced to move multiple times, unable to visit graves. When the families faced hardship, Alex doubled down on his claims. He never took a moment to ask his supporters to back off or seek a calmer resolution.

Whereas Bernie immediately denounced the shooter and reached out to Steve Scalise. Steve does not blame Bernie for having a deranged fan (https://www.newsweek.com/steve-scalise-shooting-bernie-sande...). Bernie did not imply Steve deserved to be harassed or shot. He has, in fact, asked his supporters to back off (https://www.rollingstone.com/politics/politics-news/bernie-s...).

These two things are obviously not equivalent.

Not quite "never". You may not be aware because the Joe Rogan podcast was the only outlet that covered his apologies and regret for his behavior. For years since the incident he's been telling his followers in his own show that he was wrong about it and to not harass the families.

It's still the case that he changed his attitude too late, only after some of his listeners acted and the escalation became real.

> He never took a moment to ask his supporters to back off or seek a calmer resolution.

This is an interesting point, because had he done that it could be used against him as an admission of guilt.

Similar arguments have been for Trump as well

> Is this a genuine question?

Incredulity is not an argument, nor does the link you provided have any information on Alex Jones threatening anyone's life.

> Whose lives did Alex Jones threaten?

Well he recently threatened to eat his neighbours!

"I'm ready to hang them up and gut em and skin em and chop them up"

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rrD1M-OcVts

> He needs to play by society’s rules if he wants to play by society’s rules. You can’t just pick and choose which norms you’re entitled to.

This is "a murderer has not granted others the right to not be killed, so why should we not just hang him right here and now?", make no mistake.

> Alex Jones when he peddles lies and threatens lives for profit. He needs to play by society’s rules if he wants to play by society’s rules.

Do you think Alex Jones should not have been talking about Epstein having a pedophile island, or promote a study by MIT about the effect of groundwater pollution on animals?

> But they are breaking a norm

Media companies selectively choosing what to publish has been the norm since forever.

My local paper won't publish libellous comments I may write against a particular person whom I hold grudge against. And my local TV station wouldn't show a pornographic commercial that I thought would be hilarious to see.

Private media companies ultimately answer to their advertisers and most of them simply don't want to be associated with inflammatory or socially unacceptable content.

It would be more in line with your local library refusing to catalog your book. Youtube is a content host, not a publisher.

TV stations almost entirely host content.

So my point still stands that the norm is for media companies to be able to curate their content as they see fit.

YouTube looks a lot like a content publisher to me. It's a monitisation platform. It transcodes for devices. It indexes the content and makes search & discovery available.

Even the terminology is consistent with publisher - channel, subscriber, and so on.

If the content is explicitly uploaded to YT, then how is it not a publisher?

> YouTube looks a lot like a content publisher to me. It's a monitisation platform. It transcodes for devices. It indexes the content and makes search & discovery available.

The monetization aspect seems to be the only differentiation between what would consist a virtual library and a publisher.

And we know how difficult it is to get monetized on YouTube and make it a viable source of income.

Public libraries are required by law to catalog books. Very different. Private libraries can and will often deny to catalog your random book.

> My local paper won't publish libelous comments

would your paper do that it would become a likely target of defamation. Youtube claims to be a platform and is exempt from that risk.

> you are also preventing people from reading what they want to read or hearing what they want to hear. That harm is far greater than whatever happens to the author.

When long-term under-informed people mumble over insane issues on a macro scale, sometimes a barrier should be summoned to simply get their point of view on record. Once you get to see their insanity, you can begin to sanitize back to common sense. imho

OK, but that raises another question: Who decides? Censorship requires a censor. Who are you willing to let decide for you what you're allowed to read and hear?

I don't know about you, but I'd like to decide for myself what media I can consume.

You can, but much like you can’t hear someone whispering 5 miles away you can’t consume anyone’s content who does not have a vehicle to get it to you.

> Again, YouTube is a private company and they can do whatever they want when it comes to curating the information they store. I would be against any law that compelled them to host information that they didn't want to host.

Not necessarily related to Alex Jones (I am not informed about what happened with him), but I would like to mention that YouTube in the US need not to be politically biased toward content curation, otherwise it becomes possible to sue them directly for defamation based on videos the users upload.

That to say that they can do whatever they want, but currently they are promising not to act with political motivations in mind, so a possible venue of criticism is claiming that they are not upholding this promise.

(again, I have no idea of how this relates to Alex Jones, this is only to mention that it is not only about a freedom of speech issue when it comes to online platforms)

What original formulations of freedom of speech do you refer to?

edit: also, not sure if you lived through the 90s. But none of the examples you gave were off-limits for TV or radio.

John Milton in Areopagitica[1]:

> Bad meats will scarce breed good nourishment in the healthiest concoction; but herein the difference is of bad books, that they to a discreet and judicious Reader serve in many respects to discover, to confute, to forewarn, and to illustrate.

Thomas Paine's introduction to The Age of Reason[2]:

> You will do me the justice to remember, that I have always strenuously supported the Right of every Man to his own opinion, however different that opinion might be to mine. He who denies to another this right, makes a slave of himself to his present opinion, because he precludes himself the right of changing it.

Chapter 2 of Mill's On Liberty[3]:

> But the peculiar evil of silencing the expression of an opinion is, that it is robbing the human race; posterity as well as the existing generation; those who dissent from the opinion, still more than those who hold it. If the opinion is right, they are deprived of the opportunity of exchanging error for truth: if wrong, they lose, what is almost as great a benefit, the clearer perception and livelier impression of truth, produced by its collision with error.

None of these argue from the rights of the speaker or writer. They're focused on the ideas and the reader. They point out that even bad ideas have good uses. These are the arguments that moved us away from a censorious society.

1. https://www.dartmouth.edu/~milton/reading_room/areopagitica/...

2. https://www.ushistory.org/paine/reason/intro.htm

3. https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/On_Liberty/Chapter_2

Thanks for the reply and the specifics. I don't know much about free speech as it was conceptualized in the U.S. Constitution, so I'm cribbing from the Wikipedia page [0]. With respect to Milton and Mill, the Wikipedia entry actually cites each in arguing for free speech and for limits to rights, respectively:

- "[Milton] Give me the liberty to know, to utter, and to argue freely according to conscience, above all liberties" (Areopagitica)

- "[Wikipedia] Freedom of speech and expression, therefore, may not be recognized as being absolute...Justifications for such include the harm principle, proposed by John Stuart Mill in On Liberty, which suggests that: 'the only purpose for which power can be rightfully exercised over any member of a civilized community, against his will, is to prevent harm to others.'"

I'm happy to defer to your knowledge of Milton and Mill if you think Wikipedia misquotes/decontextualizes the latter. That said, the reason why I prefer the U.S. Constitution as a starting point isn't just because of YouTube's location or because – as an American – that it's my default frame of reference. I prefer the First Amendment because unlike writings from Mill and Milton, it has actually been implemented as law in a successful government and society. You can dismiss the Constitution as a flawed document written by a bunch of connected white guys, but the fact is that – through original intent and living interpretation by the Supreme Court – it has weathered a far, far greater scope of human communication and freedom than Milton or Mill could ever imagine.

Putting aside personal preference, what's the justification for giving pre-Constitution philosophers greater or equal weight to the Constitution? Because they thought about things decades/centuries earlier? How were their thoughts proven in implementation, not just in their own time, but in all the epochs of societal and technological change since then?

[0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_of_speech

I think there are philosophical arguments for free speech that can be evaluated on their own merits:

1) If some idea is true, I'd like to be able to learn that it's true.

2) If a system silences a dissenter, then other dissenters (who could have better arguments) will know that there's no principled protection for them, and won't speak.

3) If some idea has been silenced, then most people don't know the best arguments for it, so they can't in good conscience support the silencing.

4) Clearly false ideas don't need silencing. Historically, an alarming proportion of silenced ideas have been true, but dangerous to the prevailing power of the day.

Just to remember this later:

5) Stopping a political idea from being heard by people is removing political agency from these people, which is undemocratic.

> And we all end up worse off.

That's a bold and simple claim about complex interactions. Can you support this position at all or is it more like a conviction you have?

Sorry, that's not a great analogy.

Are you saying that Alex Jones's views are just ahead of their time and the culture is not ready for it?

I understand that there is one perspective on free speech that says any restriction means that in the future people will abuse it to suppress ANY ideas they disagree with, and I find that this is only true with a very specific type of religious, authoritarian, American, republican voice.

The entire western world bans holocaust denial, and it hasn't led to a chilling effect on other expressions.

Truth is truth. No matter how much some people try to redefine it to be meaningless today, there are still some essential facts. Humanity did go to the moon. The earth is not flat.

> The entire western world bans holocaust denial, and it hasn't led to a chilling effect on other expressions.

Debatable. Banning holocaust denial is one of the greatest travesties in Western free speech. You just gave anti-Semites one more reason to believe there’s a global Jewish conspiracy going on and another recruitment tool.

You'll have to explain why it's such a great travesty because it's not obvious.

Because the types of people that would believe in Holocaust-denial in 2020, are the same types of people that are fed by conspiracy theories when things are banned.

So what's the problem?

The existance of such ban. It feeds the conspiracy theorists, and it's just weird - why only this genocide, and not the communist one, which is increasingly denied thanks to Russian online presence? Why saying "Heil Hitler" and the gesture is criminal offense, but "Cest praci, soudruhu" (a Czech communist greeting) is not, and why the Hakenkreuz is forbidden, but the star, hammer and sickle is not? Why do statues of Stalin and Lenin and other communist leaders remain standing around the world? Surely you can imagine the outrage if it was Hitler's statue.

The laws shouldn't have such weirds corner cases of completely banning references to one thing and ignoring another, arguably worse thing.

Why is banning speech a great travesty?

Because it hides the truth. Perhaps someone will discover people you wouldn't expect involved doing things we wouldn't expect which may cause some aspects from being denied to cease to be true. Silencing one groups end up silencing another.

Why don't we have a law banning denial of other genocides like the Armenian genocide. There should be an equal concern for all genocides being denied.

> Are you saying that Alex Jones's views are just ahead of their time and the culture is not ready for it?

No. In fact I thought I explained that pretty clearly. I said, "So far, we haven't figured out a way to separate good ideas from bad ones besides exposing people to them and seeing which memes reproduce in the population. In other words: If you ban people like Alex Jones, you also ban people who are activists for causes that society will adopt in the future. And we all end up worse off." I don't know how you can interpret that to mean that I am somehow in favor of Jones.

> The entire western world bans holocaust denial, and it hasn't led to a chilling effect on other expressions.

That's not true. For example: David Irving's version of the Goebbels diaries is considered by many (including the late Christopher Hitchens) to be an important work. Irving was imprisoned in Austria for holocaust denial because of something he said 17 years earlier.[1] Apparently the statue of limitations is a long time when it comes to words. There are quite a few other examples, not to mention the chilling effect such laws have. There are also tiny annoyances such as Germany banning the swastika in Wolfenstein games and on models of Zeppelins. Is Germany's society so fragile that a symbol can topple it? They seem to think so.

These laws have a cost. Maybe they're worth it. Maybe they're not. But don't pretend they're pure upside. Many countries have no laws about holocaust denial and get along just fine. Personally, I prefer places and platforms where I can decide for myself what I'm allowed to read and hear.

1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irving_trial

> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irving_trial

So someone got convicted for holocaust denial because they denied the existence of the holocaust? The system works!

Not being facetious, this is not a problem.

> If you ban people like Alex Jones, you also ban people who are activists for causes that society will adopt in the future. And we all end up worse off." I don't know how you can interpret that to mean that I am somehow in favor of Jones.

Easily because that's the implication of your statement. That there is no way to differentiate between Alex Jones's ideology and the ideology of human rights activists.

Which is a ridiculous premise.

I've been making this point for a while on hackernews, but never so eloquently. Very well put.

Some part of the heterodox ideas of today will invariably be Orthodox in the future. A small fraction of them, mind you, but you impede progress if you enforce the orthodoxy. That's what the church used to do when it had sufficient power.

I noticed that one of the videos removed by YouTube is medcram #71. Which discusses, logically and with citations, treatment results using zinc and hydroxychloroquinine. Surely because the media are quick to paint it as Trump's widely discredited treatment that he was pushing. However, if you dig into the actual studies, they don't support that conclusion, in my opinion. The media jumped on one Veterans study where the treatment was given too late in the disease to make a difference. They never reevaluated their conclusion when other studies contradicted that result, possibly because they badly want Trump to be wrong. So here is one heterodox idea being suppressed potentially to the detriment of all mankind, in our hour of need. Even if you ascribe a very small probability that I'm right on this, you have to admit censorship could be doing us a great harm.

My prediction is this gets down voted to hell because the hn voting system itself not only is a way of suppressing heterodox ideas by moving them down the page and greying them out, but it leans left as well, and I had the gall to defend a thing Trump said. I can't stand Trump for the record, but even a broken clock is right twice a day.

It is still a grey area as to whether Youtube is legally responsible for the content it shows.

So given that HCQ kills people in certain situations you can understand why they might be reluctant to allow non-experts to promote its use.

They would have to ban most medical advice and a lot of health advice in that case. Not to mention videos of people doing or talking about risky things. That's a shallow excuse that I don't buy.

Here's the banned video, make up your own mind if you think censorship of it is justified: https://fast.wistia.net/embed/medias/td0v8taipc