There is no consensus. There are myriad distinct points of view and competing interests. Several schools hold themselves out as the one true reading of the Open Source Definition. Others don't care about OSD at all.
Is CC0 (not OSOI approved) software open source? How about AGPLv3 (approved)? Ethically licensed software (in process)? BSD/MIT (approved) code from standards bodies under separate patent? Adaptive Public License (approved) software that explicitly opts out of patent coverage? NASA's latest license (not approved)? RPL 1.5 (approved by OSI, not by FSF)? Apache 2 (approved) API wrappers that only talk to closed cloud services? WTFPL (not approved)?
I've released noncommercial licenses, avoided calling them "open", had others do so quite despite me, then hear, basically "I know, and I don't care" when I pointed it out. On the other hand, I know people who don't think copyleft counts as open source, or shouldn't any more.
There is a kind of lowest common denominator of sorts around MIT, BSD, Apache 2.0, maybe Artistic 2, assuming no patents. Some would add GPLv2, LGVPLv2.1, and maybe MPLv2 and EPLv2, for copyleft. All of those licenses have well known legal and practical limitations. Some are truly ancient, like MIT and BSD, and wouldn't be considered competently drafted now.