There’s a lot of really interesting work left to be done in this area. In our company’s other life we’re involved in CAR-T research, which involves exploiting natural pathways in our immune systems to target them at cancer cells. It’s a super exciting area of research and is bleeding edge in terms of breakthrough therapies coming into the clinic. These therapies[0][1] cure upwards of 90% of what would otherwise be incurable cancers, but they also induce severe inflammatory responses (cytokine storm) which results in respiratory failure and neurological adverse events (that’s a nice clean clinical way of saying putting them in a coma).
The holy grail would be real-time targeted therapeutics to modulate our immune systems up and down in response to various cues. We’re a long way off from that but it’s an idea that’s beginning to get wider acceptance in the medical community.
[0] - https://www.novartis.us/sites/www.novartis.us/files/kymriah....
[1] - https://www.gilead.com/-/media/files/pdfs/medicines/oncology...