For the life of me I don't get how people always say upgrades are so easy on Ubuntu.
They do? I just assume that I have to do a backup of my data, wipe the disk and install they new version.
Ubuntu updates never worked for me.
They do? I just assume that I have to do a backup of my data, wipe the disk and install they new version.
Ubuntu updates never worked for me.
The closest it's ever come to failing was literally yesterday when I realized that my desktop was still on 19.04 and they had closed the old repositories so the GUI upgrade utility failed. The CLI upgrade didn't skip a beat, though.
Not fun with servers, unfortunately.
As you said, server users always upgrade. Enterprise desktop users upgrade. A lot of general users don't - they reinstall.
The upgrade process you should use with Ubuntu is different to Debian. In Debian you'd use apt, in Ubuntu you should use the update manager. Update manager specifically checks for upgradability, it has specific warnings and workarounds that are added for each release following testing and reports from end-users. This makes it much easier to upgrade.
The reason why users think the Ubuntu upgrade process is less reliable compared to Debian is they serve different user segments. Most Debian users are technically advanced, engage with the distribution and they often stay in their stream (e.g. testing). Ubuntu is used by lots of normal users - many may not pay particular attention to how packaging works - this means they often do things that make upgrades complex: install community PPA's that advance packages past the next LTS version, install Node into /usr by wiping out apts package knowledge, etc, etc. The range is just bigger.
For many normal users upgrading may no longer be the best option - it's just faster to reinstall. I personally do upgrades, I still find them magical and it's part of the fun: http://www.futurile.net/resources/ubuntu-upgrades/
I upgraded by grepping for the packages that were breaking resolution and removing them. But I already know the failure mode so that whole thing took a few minutes.
I do have separate mounts for that reason though.
I do not use Linux on my desktop or notebook but I would like to do so in the near future. This means I should strive to keep all my user created data within the home directory at all times? How about program preferences and configs that get saved elsewhere by default?
I imagine having ZFS snapshots of / would be useful for updates going forward.
> This means I should strive to keep all my user created data within the home directory at all times?
Why would the user have privileges to save it outside of the home directory? :) Special cases like databases with storage in /var need to be handled separately.
Nothing goes (should go) elsewhere by default.
If you're wiping the distro and re-installing - you probably don't want to keep /etc anyway.
Fwiw Ubuntu in place lts to lts release upgrade should be solid. But sometimes you want start with new, contemporary defaults, or a different disk layout.
BTW with zfs, you can have a separate home (or home/your_user) filesystem, and not worry about allocating fixed space (thus running out of free space on /, but with more available in /home and vice-versa).