This is not true for all programs, for a couple of different reasons.
First, the reason writing code in Python is often more efficient than writing code in C is that it allows you to leave things out. Specifically, you can leave out resource lifetimes, specifying low-level types (representation in bits), checking high-level types (conformance to protocols), memory layout, and error handling. The CPython interpreter will improvise something for you in all of these cases. It won't be as good as what you could have come up with if you were doing it yourself in C, but for many programs, other things are more important. A lot of times you need to have some idea about those things in order for your program to work properly, but it can be informal, incomplete, and tacit, rather than formal, complete, and explicit. But for some programs, these things that are being left out are too important to leave out. In those cases using JS instead of C isn't saving you anything.
Second, as Alan Kay says, architecture trumps materials at scale. In the taxonomy of SICP, programming languages contain primitive concepts, means of abstracting concepts, and means of combining concepts, and the ways in which a higher-level programming language is more efficient than a lower-level programming language are mostly in the form of primitive concepts. Python has auto-growing lists and dicts ready-made, plus polymorphic method calls with duck typing and garbage collection and whatnot. These reduce your code size by some constant factor, and they also nudge you toward using a certain architecture, an OOP architecture which is more scalable in some ways. Maybe one line of Python does as much as 64 lines of assembly language. But your software's architecture defines its order of growth: does its functionality increase proportional to the amount of effort put into writing code, proportional to its square, or proportional to its square root? And you can implement any architecture in any programming language.
I do think there's something to the claim that Chez Scheme represents a substantially better language implementation than CPython on some axes despite being the work of a much smaller group of people. Chez is mostly Dybvig, actually, though Scheme itself contains important ideas from dozens of people. By contrast, /usr/share/doc/python2.7/ACKS.gz on my system lists almost 1500 people, including, to my surprise, me.