I also don't really agree that the bank owes my friend that $100k. They're just holding it for him. If you store your car at my house I'm not in debt to you. Your car is just sitting at my house for a while and you can come and get it whenever you want. It's no skin off my nose, and it doesn't impact me financially, because I'm not in debt to you. In the same way when I put money in my bank account the bank is just agreeing to store my money for a while. They are not in debt to me.