All other windows were fine and the problem would go away after a few hours of driving. The bug never occurred if the car was parked on a flat surface.
The mechanics were clueless. I've found that there's a so-called "convenience comfort module" located under a front seat. This electronic module was responsible for controlling the electric windows (amongst other things) and was insufficiently sealed. Water could enter and disrupt certain functions. My dealer wouldn't even believe me that this module exists. :)
Turns out other people had the water problem, too: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C9z7iEbg3qY