So far, there's been a lot of interest in the performance improvements that the Graal compiler provides [1] and GraalVM Native Image [2], the toolchain that allows the compilation of Java apps and Truffle languages into binaries.
But, there's a lot more you can do with GraalVM [3].
[1] http://www.ssw.uni-linz.ac.at/Research/Papers/Stadler14/Stad... [2] https://www.graalvm.org/docs/reference-manual/native-image/ [3] https://www.graalvm.org/docs/why-graal/
The Dutch Police is using GraalVM's interop between Scala and R for their data science [2].
I'm sure there are other projects which explore the benefits of having a polyglot runtime, would love to hear about those efforts.
[1] https://nextjournal.com/kommen/react-server-side-rendering-w... [2] https://vimeo.com/360837119
Goldman Sachs use it as an easy way to implement languages, to integrate existing C code, and possibly integrate Python in the future.
I use it for Ruby performance.