This reminds me of when I used to own homes. It was generally easier to just do some home-repair job myself than deal with the hassles of finding a good contractor, and then having to deal with more hassles if the contractor didn't do it right.
This reminds me of when I used to own homes. It was generally easier to just do some home-repair job myself than deal with the hassles of finding a good contractor, and then having to deal with more hassles if the contractor didn't do it right.
I suspect that there isn't a magic set of incentives that replaces appropriate levels of funding, good faith and sufficient oversight.
The kinds of work that you describe fall more under maintenance and basic repair, which most public agencies have full time employees that perform that roles. For instance the NYC subway has signaling workers for a constant stream of signal work, track workers to maintain track and sign workers for endless lifecycle replacement of signs. New construction work, like tunnels and stations is done by contractors.