I hope that this isn't hinting at boosting SAT scores based on such a measure, because the obvious problem here is that you can't possibly objectively measure how much adversity a child was exposed to. Some schools are poorer than others, that's for sure, but some of the kids from rich schools are queer, getting bullied, or getting chronically abused by alcoholic or mentally ill parents at home. There's a lot of suffering out there that is not visible, not spoken about, and not identified by race, place of birth or skin color.

IMO, the best way to avoid issues like this would be to ban private schools, and make sure all schools have the same amount of funding per student. In other words, target the poverty problem directly, don't try to adjust SAT scores based on some guestimate of how oppressed you think a person might have been.