(1) How did the incoming worker ants come to be in the bunker? Based on the premise, they fell into the bunker already dead. If that's the case and if the ants were not reproducing, unless they have a relatively long lifespan, (2) shouldn't they die out overtime regardless of how many corpses fell into the bunker?
(3) Why couldn't the trap ants make it across the ceiling into the ventilation pipe--are some ants unable to crawl upside down or did the texture of the ceiling impede them?
If the premise is incorrect and the ants have a short lifespan, it's reasonable to think that the "trapped" ants are just an accumulation of worker ants that kept falling into the bunker.