To the extent that you'd consider non-Google alternatives, there are multiple different CAPTCHA services, and we at NetToolKit recently launched our own version called Shibboleth: https://www.nettoolkit.com/shibboleth/about
You can try out demos at https://www.nettoolkit.com/shibboleth/demo
While not open-source, the service is very affordable ($10 for 100,000 CAPTCHAs), and clients get to review user submissions to see if the CAPTCHAs are reasonable or not.
Would love to get your feedback on the service.