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They don't. What you're describing would take them out of common carrier status and make their business unworkable. What they do is respond to notices from copyright holders.

https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2011/07/major-isps-agree...

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Agreed - I was oversimplifying. A better way to put it would be to say that ISPs automatically participate in the reporting of alleged copyright infringement, as well as mete out punishment for alleged infringement when they decide it is appropriate, whereas (most?) VPNs do not.

Edit: spelling

My friend's VPN emailed him saying Comcast asked them for his info because he torrented something and the copyright holder contacted Comcast. The VPN provider didn't give Comcast any info.

Your friend may need a new VPN company. If they were able to identify him then they are probably logging too much information.

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