> To the west, it sees its most talented engineers working in Silicon Valley. By pouring millions of dollars into Indian-made semiconductors, India’s government hopes to solve both problems at once.

It really can't. Considering the "rootless" nature of Indian urban life, education and society, both culturally and linguistically, the lack of "pull" ensures that any money you pour into its colonial institutions is only going to accelerate its departure to American shores. There is little precedence of such a deeply colonial state ever being able to help its subjects in a meaningful way (ironically, it was perhaps less so during British era).

People who think India (with literacy of < 80%) is the next China are too self-deluded for help.