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> Does a userspace filesystem loose a lot of performance...

Yes.

Try the two versions out, and see for yourself if you are curious.

I use a FUSE filesystem on linux- not ExFAT, but as an S3 interface. I often see 1+Gigabyte/sec throughput over the wire from simple multithreaded IO operations. FUSE can be very fast.

For one thing, that's throughput, not latency.

For another, that's probably a desktop, not a smartphone.

That's correct, my metric for performance is throughput I don't really think a desktop vs a smartphone matters much at this comparison, it's just my observation that when people say a fuse filesystem is slow it's just not well-engineered, not that the fuse API is inherently slow

Run a benchmark that measures more than throughput and you'll see the difference. IOPs are usually poor.

Latency is a nightmare if you perform certain types of tasks on FUSE.

It matters a lot. You can squeeze impressive performance from a smartphone, too, but then you need to dump all that waste heat somewhere, plus you need to take battery capacity into account. In other words, in a desktop, power efficiency is commendable, but not critical.

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