Using CloudFlare workers to clean up the URLs is neat but it seems like it would be really easy to reach the limits of the free tier.

https://workers.cloudflare.com/docs/reference/runtime/limits...

You get 100,000 request per month and up to 1,000 requests in a 10 minute timeframe. So if you have a page with 10 images on it and you get 100 people visiting that page within a 10 minute timeframe, you will use up all of your free tier and all new visitors will get a 1015 error.

For paid plans you must pay at least $5 and get 10 million requests included and additional requests are 50 cents per million.