> While most students approach learning from an order 3 perspective, teaching is generally approached through the lens of order 4, creating a developmental mismatch. For instance, instructors expect students to be self-reflective, engaged, independent, self-directed, critical thinkers-skills that become evident only in order 4.

Can confirm, based on my undergrad experience. Virtually none of the students (myself included) were yet at the level of maturity expected of them.