Depends how much time you have...

Fifteen minutes: “How to Choose a Database” by Ben Anderson (https://www.ibm.com/cloud/blog/how-to-choose-a-database-on-i...)

Three hours: Jepsen analyses of distributed systems safety. Kyle tests software ranging across the database spectrum.

One week: Designing Data-Intensive Applications by Martin Kleppman.

Disclaimer: I work with Ben and think he takes a really nice tact on this subject, while it may be orthogonal to your immediate question regarding trade-offs.