The ^T command is actually still around in Unix/Linux, but only when the program is reading input using canonical/cooked/non-raw mode. That's pretty uncommon these days, since input tends to be wrapped in readline or similar to allow for editing.
You can test it by running `ed`:
ed scratch.txt
2096
^T
load: 0.57 cmd: ed 74469 waiting 0.00u 0.00s
q
Running `stty -a` lists all of the characters that have special meaning when the TTY driver handles input this way, before the program sees it.