Same exact feelings bubbled into my head, but as I thought about it, is it really wrong to refer to a cli as archaic today? I posit that that it’s not when discussing application ux/i design.
Unless you can explicitly enumerate the "small" subset of tasks the cli is simply better at, I don't think that's a valid out. The CLI (specifically, the unix philosophy) is IMO the best platform for general purpose computing. It's the specialized stuff, mostly applications with such a large feature/configuration surface that it would be foolish to try to learn all the commands and arguments, that is best left outside the cli.
CLI works incredibly well for anything related to controling systems (local, web servers), or running any kind of processes at scale (web scraping, photo metadata). Discovery is the biggest problem here, though I do believe it's solvable. If I want to do any one-off task, such as resizing an image, that's incredibly easy to locate and do within the typical operating system GUI, whereas to do it in CLI I'd have to resort to man-pages or search engines to figure out what command to execute.
For everything else CLIs are more consistent, flexible and extendible.
But why not use both? GUIs are amazing for editing a video, command line is amazing. If you want to convert a thousand videos into different formats based on their meta data the CLI will be the only option that doesn’t makes you sit there for a week.