He cut the wood, mined the graphite, melted the lead, and created the eraser from a rubbertree. His pencil ended up costing thousands and thousands of dollars. Yet you can go to the nearest office outlet and buy ten pencils for a dollar. This is because of globalisation. Someone somewhere has specialised in making pencils and churn out millions of them a year, driving the cost down to almost nothing. The same is true of almost all other products.
This is the primary reason our standard of living increases, most economists agree on this.
Protectionism usually comes around when times are bad and countries need a scapegoat and a bad guy whose fault it is. For the US it used to be Mexico, now it's China. But the fact is that open trade helps both them and us (they get to sell goods, we get cheaper pencils), besides it works both ways. Denmark, for instance, specialises in hearing aids and container shipping both of which we have a more than 50% global share of. The world gets cheap hearing aids because Denmark massproduces them, and in return Denmark gets cheap pencils and other stuff that someone else somewhere produces.
Politicians. thoughtleaders and policy makers across the world are aware of this mechanic but often use protectionism as a political weapon, knowing that it's bad for their economy.
Nations are more economically intertwined and trade more than ever before, and it's not going to stop anytime soon. There might be a bump in the road, as there often is when times are bad, but it's not going to stop.
Globalisation is here to stay, and you should be happy for it. It means that you can get a Wii for the price of a digital watch ten years ago.