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I am yet to see any Linux distribution certified for high integrity computing.

Usually Linux always runs in a VM sandbox on top of such OSes, like Green Hills INTEGRITY OS.

pjmlp is right: life-critical software must be certified to high levels of DO-178C standard. That's always either custom software or some RTOS's that are certified already. Linux couldn't pass DO-178C's high levels, if at all. The INTEGRITY-178B page has the docs and processes listed in bottom right if you want to see them. That's for prior standard, though. New one looks similar.

https://www.ghs.com/products/safety_critical/integrity-do-17...

They probably run Linux in the less-critical stuff on the plane. At one point, they were running some apps on Windows and Linux simultaneously as a reliability technique. I don't know if they still do that.

Yes, but I wasn't talking about the seatback devices ;)