Wouldn't work. By the time the signals were processed by the digital camera, the photons would have long since slammed into your retina. You would have to literally beat the speed of light, because even just an instance of the light getting through would accomplish the task.

Even placing the sensor several feet in front of your face wouldn't help, the fasted that you'd be able to send your signal from the sensor to the glasses is exactly as long as it'd take the flash to reach you, but you'll still have the lag of the electronics.