It‘s not homemade crypto. It‘s just not the latest and greatest modern crypto but it has no glaring weakness.
But it’s absolutely homemade by math PhDs (not crypto specialists). And if you search for ‘telegram security’ you’ll find any number of articles pointing out a bunch of weaknesses. It’s also only half open source.
Not just that. The official clients repos (specifically Android) lag several weeks, if not months, behind the apps, or at least they did at one point.
Though that doesn't matter much with not-quite-verifiable releases...
So if you are using it on desktop, all your messages belong to Telegram, and whomever they are sharing it with.
This way Telegram can back up messages without dumping them to Googles servers like WhatsApp does by default.