"Modern" is kind of a loaded word, but Mint is both new and has a very polished UX, if that helps. Coming from OSX you should have smooth sailing, besides inherent things like window management button order and switched up yes/no dialogues ;)

For example, the installation is a window where you just click through the settings, not some command line jungle, to give you some kind of feeling of Mint. Under the hood there is of course the full power of Linux.

Personally, the switch brought me to discover i3wm (https://i3wm.org/) which is a fundamental different way of thinking about your screenspace. Not affiliated, but if you currently have an open mind about your workflow, I can highly suggest it for frontend-dev. Basically, windows automatically fill all available screenspace, which is awesome for the plethora of terminals you tend to have sometimes as well as resizing graphics/webpages.

Have fun whatever you do :)