> Rats were declared a pest in 1950, making rat control mandatory.
Rats are a pest because they can survive all over the globe, and in transit, as an invasive species, and multiply quickly. Societies all around the world have independently discovered the need for pest control because of how much damage (including spreading disease) they cause and how difficult population control is, and a term for "pest" exists in multiple languages. There are places that treat them far less humanely, and places where non-pest animals are much less protected.
the article mentions this
Personally, I always thought they were kind of cute but it still seems like they are something that would need to be managed.
I agree that rats are pretty cute; they make good pets (if you can come to terms with their 2-3 year lifespan). But they absolutely need to be managed, just like any other wildlife population that we are in close contact with.
https://www.history.com/news/rats-didnt-spread-the-black-dea...
https://news.nationalgeographic.com/2018/01/rats-plague-blac...
https://www.sciencealert.com/black-death-plague-spread-human...
https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/speaking-of-science/wp/2...
While rats can and do spread plague, you might be interested in the widely-covered paper that came out last year concluding that rats probably did not cause the Black Death, and that it was instead spread by fleas and lice on travelling humans:
Popular: https://news.nationalgeographic.com/2018/01/rats-plague-blac...
Scientific: https://www.pnas.org/content/early/2018/01/09/1715640115
Rats also chase mice actively, that is an unexpected problem in management disclosed by ecologists. You can't manage just rats. Is the wrong way to do it.