This is typical of a sales story I read from books. You were on a sales mission and it seems like:

1) You reached the wrong people. The focus of power in your case (CEO) was not the one making purchasing decisions (the HR guy)

2) You did not solve a pain in your prospect's business or, you could not sufficiently communicate what problem you would solve as an employee. You should have focused on this in your conversations.

I wouldn't say they used you, and you shouldn't be angry. It just did not make business sense for them and you could not make a sufficiently attractive sales pitch to the company as a whole.