Jumping into "no-framebuffer/racing-the-beam" 6502 programming on the Atari 2600 for the uninitiated is just ... cruel.
I'd recommend the BBC Micro, since we're not talking about the 1980s and geographical limitations of the market, the BBC has a nice basic that includes a built-in assembler, has a text UI that is more pleasant on the eyes than most 8bits, has the sideways rom system to make it possible to add a debugger and other niceties, and has a simple easy-to-understand disk filing system.
6502 itself is rather simple, I wasn't so much interested in game programming as hardware programming, working with the TIA and PIA are the interesting bits to me.