>The jury is out on whether the world is fundamentally deterministic...but suppose it is. This does not necessitate that the world is also deterministic at some higher level of description.

Ah, so there can exist counterfactual levels of description which are inconsistent with what may be the fundamental nature of reality. This seems accurate. (C.f. religion)

>We can attach probabilities to different scenarios, but it’s not the case that the weather state at the present time fully determines the weather state in a few days’ time. Multiple different trajectories are entirely possible.

In superdeterminism, the state of the universe at the present time does fully determine the weather state in a few days time. Multiple trajectories are not physically possible, though we are able to probabilistically model such trajectories based on the incomplete information that we do have access to.