Germany deals with most of its waste internally. Most paper is recycled for second-rate paper products. Metal is recycled. Some plastic is recycled. The rest (general waste, organic, most of plastic) is incinerated under corresponding conditions. Incinerating organic is already quite optimal–left in nature, things would rot and produce methane. Incinerating plastic is like burning gas or oil that was originally used to produce it. It has similar calorific value as coal and in Germany is largely used to substitute some part of it in coal power plants. I’m not sure about general waste, but I’d guess after subtracting methane production in landfills, incinerating it is still a net positive.

EDIT: Most glass bottles are in the deposit system and are collected by stores, washed, and reused.