Anecdotally, when I volunteered at an animal shelter, we had to undergo training to work with both the dog and feline populations. Something they taught us, and eventually witnessed ourselves, is that cats form much more complex social systems than dogs do. Dogs have the typical alpha/everyone else system, whereas cats seem to have more specialized roles in their organization. Some monitored the food rations, some were on watch at the door, some controlled certain areas or furniture, etc. They even rotated night shifts! Hard to verify experimentally, but work with them often enough and you start to notice the patterns. I think they're much smarter and more sophisticated than we give them credit for, especially when it comes to social behavior.